# Serving Size: 10cc (a capful) # Servings Per Container: 48 # Citrulline Malate 3 g Ergopharm - STAMIN-02 Energy & recovery 16oz Finish the job that creatine starts!! If you are taking creatine then you are only addressing half of the equation of muscle Energy, recovery, and growth!!! creatine works by enhancing your muscle�€™s Energy supply and re-supply capacity through the anaerobic pathway. It does this by increasing concentrations of creatine phosphate, which is the muscle�€™s immediate storage house for valuable phosphate ions. In the form of creatine phosphate, these ions are readily available to restore the activity of the primary muscle fuel ATP. creatine phosphate works in conjunction with glycogen to provide immediate Energy to the muscle. These compounds do not require the presence of oxygen to do their work, hence they are termed anaerobic (without oxygen) substrates. The down side of the story is that creatine phosphate is quickly used up. In addition to this, anaerobic breakdown of glycogen for Energy (glycolysis) soon comes to a halt as lactic acid builds up. At this point it is time for the aerobic re-supply of ATP to take over. The aerobic Energy system is complex and involves many metabolic pathways that use glucose, glycolytic by-products, as well as fats for substrates. As I explained, creatine works by supporting and enhancing the anaerobic production of Energy in the muscle. Unfortunately, it does nothing to address the production of aerobic Energy in the muscle. This is where citrulline malate comes in. Citrulline malate has been shown to increase aerobic ATP production in the muscle by 34%!i The result is a marked decrease in fatigue and a substantial increase in aerobic exercise performance.ii Citrulline malate does this in part by stimulating the removal and utilization for Energy of the lactic acid formed during anaerobic glycolysis. Citrulline malate works synergistically with creatine in another way as well. After exercise your creatine phosphate levels are depleted and it takes a while for the free creatine in your muscles to be rephosphorylated. With citrulline malate, the rate of phosphocreatine recovery after exercise is increased by 20%!iii This means that you recover more quickly between weight training sessions giving yourself a better opportunity to grow faster. Ammonia is a toxic metabolic by product produced by your muscles, especially during intense exercise. Ammonia is removed from the body by the liver�€™s urea cycle. Ammonia is very toxic to the body and muscles; the build up of ammonia in the body results in a rapid onset of fatigue. If the levels are not reduced, they can lead to muscle catabolism and interference with brain function. Severe ammonia toxicity can lead to organ failure, and eventually death. Citrulline Malate stimulates the urea cycle and therefore markedly increases the body�€™s ability to remove ammonia.iv Ammonia is thus converted to the harmless by-product urea, and excreted from the body. Citrulline Malate has been sold in France under the name Stimol for over 20 years. There, it has mostly been used in the clinical setting for use with weakened and elderly patients, as well in the general population for general fatigue. The results in many cases have been remarkable, with observations of renewed Energy, vitality, and mental function to previously physically and mentally impaired patients (see abstracts at end of article) Ergopharm STAMIN-02 - Citrulline Malate Solution Ergopharm - STAMIN-02 is Ergopharm�€™s brand of Citrulline malate and it is sold in the same liquid based form that it has been successfully used for decades in France. One capful of pleasant tasting sour apple Ergopharm STAMIN-02 provides 3 grams of Citrulline malate. The recommended dosage is one 3 gram serving, twice a day. Maximum results are usually seen after 15 days. It usually is a good idea to take one of the doses before training, and it is also a very good idea to consume StaminO2 at the same time as creatine supplements. Users of Ergopharm STAMIN-02 should notice greater stamina during intense workouts, better pumps, and quicker recovery �€�€� both between sets and between workouts. Users may also experience enhanced well being, general Energy, and mental and sexual function. Ergopharm - STAMIN-02 Energy & recovery 16oz Suggested Use: Ergopharm - STAMIN-02 Recommended Use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 capful (10cc) twice per day. Mix with beverage or drink straight. On work out days, take one serving immediately before training. Best if consumed simultaneously with creatine or creatine containing products. Additional Information: Ergopharm - STAMIN-02 Ingredients: Water, citrulline malate, natural and artificial flavor,sucralose,xanthan gum,potassium sorbatesodium benzoate